Discussion Papers

Gender issues in sports

August 2026 • Discussion Paper Nr. 04

Autoren: Georg Stadtmann, Igor Tylkin

Women are generally physically weaker than men, which is why many sports classify athletes by gender, such as in athletics, ball sports, and swimming. Due to this classification, there are often separate leagues for men and women that run in parallel without connection. Nevertheless, we argue that...

Warum Menschen plötzlich Kritik äußern – und was Kohlberg damit zu tun hat

August 2026 • Discussion Paper Nr. 03

Autoren: Georg Stadtmann

Nach der öffentlich gewordenen Vaterschaft des Unionsfraktionsvorsitzenden Jens Spahn durch eine Leihmutterschaft in den USA trat dieser nach anhaltender öffentlicher Kritik im Juli 2026 von seinem Amt zurück. Bundeskanzler Friedrich Merz nutzte die Situation für eine...

Trapped in strategic competition? An analysis of EU-China trade relations in game theoretic settings

Juli 2026 • Discussion Paper Nr. 02

Autoren: Georg Stadtmann, Daniel Antoci

This case study examines the evolving trade conflict between the European Union (EU) and China, focusing on tariffs imposed on electric vehicles and the resulting strategic interaction between both parties. While international trade theory emphasizes mutual gains from trade, recent developments suggest increasing protectionist tendencies on both sides. The study highlights...

B|Orders in Motion: Asymmetric Effects of EU Tariffs on Chinese Electric Vehicles

Juli 2026 • Discussion Paper Nr. 01

Autoren: Martin Kaloudis, Georg Stadtmann, Thorsten Zippan

Trade policy measures are regaining importance amid geopolitical tensions and the increasing fragmentation of the global economy. The European Union’s imposition of countervailing duties on electric vehicles from China illustrates that borders do not hold the same economic significance for all economies. The established “B|Orders in Motion” approach provides...